Moral Development and Character Formation: Insights from Islamic Psychology

Abstract

This paper examines the processes of moral development and character formation through the lens of Islamic psychology. Grounded in the Qur’an, Sunnah, and classical Islamic scholarship, the study explores how concepts such as ihsan (excellence), taqwa (God-consciousness), and akhlaq (ethics and manners) shape moral behavior and personal growth. The framework of Islamic psychology emphasizes the purification of the self (tazkiyah al-nafs) as a central pathway to moral excellence, aligning with contemporary theories of moral development while offering a spiritually integrated perspective. The paper also analyzes the role of family, community, and spiritual practices—such as salah, dhikr, and Qur’anic reflection—in cultivating virtues and strengthening ethical decision-making. By bridging Islamic teachings with modern psychological insights, the study demonstrates that character formation in Islam is both a psychological and spiritual journey, fostering responsible individuals who contribute positively to society.